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ObjectiveTo investigate the role of STAT3 in hepatocyte proliferation after acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatocellular injury in mice. MethodsNormal mouse AML12 hepatocytes were cultured in vitro and were stimulated by APAP (1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mmol/L) for 12, 24 or 48 hours, and the hepatocytes treated with an equal volume of phosphate buffered saline were established as control group. After the optimal stimulation concentration and duration of action were screened out, AML12 hepatocytes were treated with AG490 (10, 50, and 100 μmol/L). The CCK-8 assay was used to measure the viability of AML12 hepatocytes; RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of PCNA, CyclinD1, and Ki67 in AML12 hepatocytes, and Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of STAT3, p-STAT3, PCNA, and CyclinD1. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsAfter 24 and 48 hours of APAP treatment, compared with the control group, all concentration groups had a significant reduction in the viability of AML12 hepatocytes (all P＜0.05), with a viability of 0.717±0.0271 and 0.752±0.0141, respectively, when the concentration of APAP was 2.5 mmol/L, which was significantly different from that in the control group (all P＜0.05) and met the conditions of subsequent experiment. Compared with the control group, the 24-hour APAP (2.5 mmol/L) group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression of PCNA, CyclinD1, and Ki67 (all P＜0.01); compared with the 24-hour APAP group, the 48-hour APAP (2.5 mmol/L) group had significant increases in the mRNA expression of PCNA, CyclinD1, and Ki67 (all P＜0.01); therefore, a model of hepatocyte regeneration after in vitro AML12 hepatocyte injury was established by stimulation with APAP 2.5 mmol/L for 48 hours. After the addition of AG490, there was no significant difference in viability between the control group and the 10 and 50 μmol/L AG490 groups, and the other groups had a significant reduction in viability (all P＜0.01); compared with the APAP group, the AG490 (50 μmol/L)+APAP group and the AG490 (100 μmol/L)+APAP group had a significant reduction in viability (P＜0.01); therefore, 50 μmol/L AG490 was selected as the concentration for subsequent experiment. Compared with the control group, the APAP group had a significant increase in the protein expression level of p-STAT3 (P＜0.01), while the AG490 group and the APAP+AG490 group had a significant reduction (both P＜0.05); compared with the APAP group, the APAP+AG490 group had significant reductions in the protein expression levels of PCNA and CyclinD1 and the mRNA expression levels of PCNA, CyclinD1, and Ki67 (all P＜0.05). ConclusionSTAT3 participates in hepatocyte proliferation after APAP-induced hepatocyte injury in mice, while AG490, as an STAT3 inhibitor, can inhibit hepatocyte proliferation after APAP-induced hepatocyte injury by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with improved snare for colorectal polyps and submucosal tumors.Methods The clinical data such as clinical pathological characteristics, en bloc resection rate, curative resection rate, complications and follow-up results of 20 patients with colorectal polyps or submucosal tumors, who were treated by ESD, were retrospectively analyzed.Results 20 patients (total 24 lesions) with colorectal polyps or submucosal tumors were performed ESD operation successfully, in which 16 cases (total 20 lesions) were treated by ESD with improved snare (the trial group), 4 cases were treated by ESD with HOOK knife (the control group).The surgical success rate was 100.0% (24/24), the en blot resection rate was 100.0% (24/24). The mean polyps diameter in the trial group was (2.4 ± 0.9) cm (1.2~4.0 cm), while that in the control group was (2.2 ± 0.6) cm (1.5~3.0 cm). The mean procedure time in the trial group was (83.3 ± 23.9) min (45.0~120.0 min), while the control group was (66.2 ± 15.4) min (45.0~80.0 min), compared with the control group, the trial group need more times to complete the operation. The postoperative pathology as follows: 15 cases were adenoma (including 3 cases of adenoma with partial gland high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia), 1 case was hyperplastic polyp, 1 case was high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 2 cases were neuroendocrine tumor (total 4 lesions) 1 case was stromal tumor. Except for 1 case of stromal tumor from the muscularis propria was taken full thickness resection, no patient appeared complications such as hemorrhage, perforation, infection. No patient need intraoperative and postoperative surgical treatment.Conclusion Improved snare can be used to endoscopic submucosal dissection for large colorectal polyps and submucosal tumors safely and effectively, expanded the use and indications of snare in endoscopic resection, but need more times to completed the operation.
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Objective To evaluate the cleanliness and tolerance of different administration speed on polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (PEG-ES) for colonoscopy preparation. Methods 97 consecutive asymptomatic individuals underwent colonoscopy and therapy were enrolled and randomly assigned into 2 groups. Subjects in group A drank 2000 ml PEG-ES (1000 ml every 10 ~ 20 min rapidly) within 1 h before colonoscopy;Subjects in group B drank 2000 ml PEG-ES (250 ml every 10 min) within 2 h before colonoscopy. The total time of drinking PEG-ES, the first defecation time and total numbers of defecation after drinking PEG-ES, score and degree of Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) and PEG-ES related adverse effects of the two groups were assessed and compared. Results There were no significant differences in gender, age and cecal insertion rate between group A and group B (P > 0.05). The total time of drinking PEG-ES, the first defecation time in group A were significant faster than those in group B, while total numbers of defecation was significantly more than that in group B (P 0.05). Conclusions Both regimens met the requirement of conventional colonoscopy and therapy, while rapid drinking PEG-ES within 1 h provides more better colonic cleansing quality for colonoscopy preparation.
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To analyze the polyps in the aspects of distribution, helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection and the use of proton pump inhibitors ( PPI) in different histological types of gastric polyps;to observe the morphosis under endos-copy histopathology and the surveillance situation in colonic polyps. The infection rates of HP in gastric hyperplasic polyps, inflammatory polyps and adenomatous polyps were 31.11%, 45.31% and 58.33%;the using rate of PPI among inflammatory polyps patients was higher. The main histopathological type of colonic polyps was adenomatous polyps;20 cases of colorectal polypectomy surveillance of 2 years had recurrence. The occurrence of gastric adeno-matous polyps may be related to HP infection;PPI had no obvious correlation with the pathological type of the gas-tric polyps. Colorectal adenoma should strengthen the surveillance colonoscopy of postpolypectomy.